CDCDigitizerModule.cc

/**************************************************************************
 * basf2 (Belle II Analysis Software Framework)                           *
 * Author: The Belle II Collaboration                                     *
 *                                                                        *
 * See git log for contributors and copyright holders.                    *
 * This file is licensed under LGPL-3.0, see LICENSE.md.                  *
 **************************************************************************/
 
#include <cdc/modules/cdcDigitizer/CDCDigitizerModule.h>
#include <cdc/modules/cdcDigitizer/EDepInGas.h>
#include <cdc/utilities/ClosestApproach.h>
 
#include <framework/datastore/RelationArray.h>
#include <framework/gearbox/Unit.h>
#include <framework/logging/Logger.h>
 
#include <TRandom.h>
#include <map>
#include <utility>
 
using namespace std;
using namespace Belle2;
using namespace CDC;
 
// register module
REG_MODULE(CDCDigitizer);
CDCDigitizerModule::CDCDigitizerModule() : Module(),
  m_cdcgp(), m_gcp(), m_aCDCSimHit(), m_posFlag(0),
  m_driftLength(0.0), m_flightTime(0.0), m_globalTime(0.0),
  m_tdcBinWidth(1.0), m_tdcBinWidthInv(1.0),
  m_tdcResol(0.9825), m_driftV(4.0e-3),
  m_driftVInv(250.0), m_propSpeedInv(27.25), m_align(true)
{
  // Set description
  setDescription("Creates CDCHits from CDCSimHits.");
  setPropertyFlags(c_ParallelProcessingCertified);
 
  // Add parameters
  // I/O
  addParam("InputCDCSimHitsName",         m_inputCDCSimHitsName, "Name of input array. Should consist of CDCSimHits.", string(""));
  addParam("OutputCDCHitsName",           m_outputCDCHitsName,   "Name of output array. Will consist of CDCHits.",     string(""));
  addParam("OutputCDCHitsName4Trg",       m_outputCDCHitsName4Trg,
           "Name of output array for trigger. Can contain several hits per wire, "
           "if they correspond to different time windows of 32ns.",
           string("CDCHits4Trg"));
 
  //Relations
  addParam("MCParticlesToCDCSimHitsName", m_MCParticlesToSimHitsName,
           "Name of relation between MCParticles and CDCSimHits used",     string(""));
  addParam("CDCSimHistToCDCHitsName", m_SimHitsTOCDCHitsName,
           "Name of relation between the CDCSimHits and the CDCHits used", string(""));
  addParam("OptionalFirstMCParticlesToHitsName",  m_OptionalFirstMCParticlesToHitsName,
           "Optional name of relation between the first MCParticles and CDCHits used", string("FirstMatchedParticles"));
  addParam("OptionalAllMCParticlesToHitsName", m_OptionalAllMCParticlesToHitsName,
           "Optional name of relation between all MCParticles and CDCHits used", string("AllMatchedParticles"));
 
 
  //Parameters for Digitization
  addParam("UseSimpleDigitization",       m_useSimpleDigitization,
           "If true, a simple x-t with a constant velocity is used for the drift-length to -time conversion", false);
 
  //float Gauss Parameters
  addParam("Fraction",                    m_fraction,    "Fraction of first Gaussian used to smear drift length in cm",    1.0);
  addParam("Mean1",                       m_mean1,       "Mean value of first Gaussian used to smear drift length in cm",  0.0000);
  addParam("Resolution1",                 m_resolution1, "Resolution of first Gaussian used to smear drift length in cm",  0.0130);
  addParam("Mean2",                       m_mean2,       "Mean value of second Gaussian used to smear drift length in cm", 0.0000);
  addParam("Resolution2",                 m_resolution2, "Resolution of second Gaussian used to smear drift length in cm", 0.0000);
 
  //Switch to control smearing
  addParam("DoSmearing", m_doSmearing,
           "If false, drift length will not be smeared.", true);
 
  addParam("DoAlphaCorrection", m_alphaCorrection,
           "If true, some hits will be removed for better charge asymmetry simulation.", false);
 
  addParam("TrigTimeJitter", m_trigTimeJitter,
           "Magnitude (w) of trigger timing jitter (ns). The trigger timing is randuminzed uniformly in a time window of [-w/2, +w/2].",
           0.);
  //Switches to control time information handling
  addParam("AddTimeWalk", m_addTimeWalk, "A switch for time-walk (pulse-heght dep. delay); true: on; false: off", true);
  addParam("AddInWirePropagationDelay",   m_addInWirePropagationDelay,
           "A switch used to control adding propagation delay in the wire into the final drift time or not; this is for signal hits.", true);
  addParam("AddInWirePropagationDelay4Bg",  m_addInWirePropagationDelay4Bg,
           "The same switch but for beam bg. hits.", true);
  addParam("AddTimeOfFlight",  m_addTimeOfFlight,
           "A switch used to control adding time of flight into the final drift time or not; this is for signal hits.", true);
  addParam("AddTimeOfFlight4Bg",   m_addTimeOfFlight4Bg,
           "The same switch but for beam bg. hits.", true);
  addParam("OutputNegativeDriftTime", m_outputNegativeDriftTime, "Output hits with negative drift time", true);
  addParam("Output2ndHit", m_output2ndHit,
           "Output the 2nd hit if exists in the time window. Note that it is not well-simulated at all, partly because no cross-talk betw. channels is simulated.",
           false);
  //Switch to control sense wire sag
  addParam("CorrectForWireSag",   m_correctForWireSag,
           "A switch for sense wire sag effect; true: drift-time is calculated with the sag taken into account; false: not. Here, sag means the perturbative part which corresponds to alignment in case of wire-position. The main part (corresponding to design+displacement in wire-position) is taken into account in FullSim; you can control it via CDCJobCntlParModifier.",
           true);
  //Switch for negative-t0 wires
  addParam("TreatNegT0WiresAsGood", m_treatNegT0WiresAsGood, "Treat wires with negative t0 (calibrated) as good wire4s.", true);
 
  //Threshold
  addParam("TDCThreshold4Outer", m_tdcThreshold4Outer,
           "TDC threshold (dE in eV) for Layers#8-56. The value corresponds to He-C2H6 gas", 250.);
  addParam("TDCThreshold4Inner", m_tdcThreshold4Inner,
           "Same as TDCThreshold4Outer but for Layers#0-7,", 150.);
  addParam("EDepInGasMode", m_eDepInGasMode,
           "Mode for extracting energy deposit in gas from energy deposit in gas+wire; =0: scaling using electron density; 1: scaling using most probab. energy deposit; 2: similar to 2 but slightly different; 3: extraction based on probability; 4: regeneration following probability",
           0);
 
  //ADC Threshold
  addParam("ADCThreshold", m_adcThreshold,
           "Threshold for ADC-count (in unit of count). ADC-count < threshold is treated as count=0.", 2);
  addParam("tMin", m_tMin, "Lower edge of time window in ns; valid only for UseDB4FEE=false", -100.);
  addParam("tMaxOuter", m_tMaxOuter, "Upper edge of time window in ns for the normal-cell layers; valid only for UseDB4FEE=false",
           500.);
  addParam("tMaxInner", m_tMaxInner, "Upper edge of time window in ns for the small-cell layers; valid only for UseDB4FEE=false",
           300.);
 
  //Switch for database
  addParam("UseDB4FEE", m_useDB4FEE, "Fetch and use FEE params. from database or not", true);
  addParam("UseDB4EDepToADC", m_useDB4EDepToADC, "Uuse edep-to-ADC conversion params. from database or not", true);
  addParam("UseDB4RunGain", m_useDB4RunGain, "Fetch and use run gain from database or not", true);
  addParam("OverallGainFactor", m_overallGainFactor, "Overall gain factor for adjustment", 1.0);
 
  //Switch for synchronization
  addParam("Synchronization", m_synchronization, "Synchronize timing with other sub-detectors", m_synchronization);
  addParam("Randomization", m_randomization, "Randomize timing with other sub-detectors; valid only for Synchronization=false",
           m_randomization);
  addParam("OffsetForGetTriggerBin", m_offsetForTriggerBin, "Input to getCDCTriggerBin(offset), either of 0,1,2 or 3",
           m_offsetForTriggerBin);
  addParam("TrgTimingOffsetInCount", m_trgTimingOffsetInCount,
           "L1 trigger timing offset in count, [0,7] in a trigger bin. The default value is from exp14, while the value from exp12 is 2. This run dependence may be taken into account later if needed",
           m_trgTimingOffsetInCount);
  addParam("ShiftOfTimeWindowIn32Count", m_shiftOfTimeWindowIn32Count,
           "Shift of time window in 32count for synchronization (L1 timing=0)", m_shiftOfTimeWindowIn32Count);
 
  //Some FEE params.
  addParam("TDCThresholdOffset", m_tdcThresholdOffset, "Offset for TDC (digital) threshold (mV)", 3828.);
  addParam("AnalogGain",   m_analogGain, "Analog  gain (V/pC)", 1.09);
  addParam("DigitalGain", m_digitalGain, "Digital gain (V/pC)", 7.);
  addParam("ADCBinWidth", m_adcBinWidth, "ADC bin width  (mV)",  2.);
 
  addParam("AddFudgeFactorForSigma", m_addFudgeFactorForSigma,
           "Additional fudge factor for space resol. (common to all cells)",  1.);
  addParam("SpaceChargeEffect", m_spaceChargeEffect, "Switch for space charge effect", true);
  addParam("DegOfSPEOnThreshold", m_degOfSPEOnThreshold,
           "Degree of space charge effect on timing threshold; specify the range [0,1]; =1: full effect on threshold; =0: no effect",
           m_degOfSPEOnThreshold);
 
  addParam("AddXTalk", m_addXTalk, "A switch for crosstalk; true: on; false: off", true);
  addParam("Issue2ndHitWarning", m_issue2ndHitWarning, "=true: issue a warning when a 2nd TDC hit is found.", true);
  addParam("IncludeEarlyXTalks", m_includeEarlyXTalks, "=true: include earlier x-talks as well than the signal hit in question.",
           true);
  addParam("DebugLevel", m_debugLevel, "Debug level; 20-29 are usable.", 20);
  addParam("DebugLevel4XTalk", m_debugLevel4XTalk, "Debug level for crosstalk; 20-29 are usable.", 21);
 
  //Gain smearing
  addParam("GasGainSmearing", m_gasGainSmearing, "Switch for gas gain smearing for ADC simulation; true: on; false: off",
           m_gasGainSmearing);
  addParam("EffWForGasGainSmearing", m_effWForGasGainSmearing,
           "Effective energy (keV) needed for one electron production for gas gain smearing; average for alpha- and beta-sources.",
           m_effWForGasGainSmearing);
  addParam("ThetaOfPolyaFunction", m_thetaOfPolya, "Theta of Polya function for gas gain smearing", m_thetaOfPolya);
  addParam("ExtraADCSmearing", m_extraADCSmearing, "Switch for extra ADC smearing; true: on; false: off", m_extraADCSmearing);
 
  // Switch for optional relations
  addParam("MatchAllMCParticles", m_matchAllMCParticles, "Switch to store all MCRelations that produced a SimHit", false);
  addParam("MatchFirstMCParticles", m_matchFirstMCParticles,
           "Switch to store all MCRelations for the first three SimHits instead of only the first", false);
 
}
 
void CDCDigitizerModule::initialize()
{
  m_simHits.isRequired(m_inputCDCSimHitsName);
  m_simClockState.isOptional();
 
  // Register the arrays in the DataStore, that are to be added in this module.
  m_cdcHits.registerInDataStore(m_outputCDCHitsName);
  m_simHits.registerRelationTo(m_cdcHits);
  m_mcParticles.registerRelationTo(m_cdcHits);
  m_mcParticles.registerRelationTo(m_cdcHits, DataStore::c_Event, DataStore::c_WriteOut, m_OptionalFirstMCParticlesToHitsName);
  m_mcParticles.registerRelationTo(m_cdcHits, DataStore::c_Event, DataStore::c_WriteOut, m_OptionalAllMCParticlesToHitsName);
 
  // Arrays for trigger.
  m_cdcHits4Trg.registerInDataStore(m_outputCDCHitsName4Trg);
  m_simHits.registerRelationTo(m_cdcHits4Trg);
  m_mcParticles.registerRelationTo(m_cdcHits4Trg);
 
  m_cdcgp = &(CDCGeometryPar::Instance());
  CDCGeometryPar& cdcgp = *m_cdcgp;
  m_tdcBinWidth  = cdcgp.getTdcBinWidth();
  m_tdcBinWidthInv = 1. / m_tdcBinWidth;
  m_tdcResol     = m_tdcBinWidth / sqrt(12.);
  m_driftV       = cdcgp.getNominalDriftV();
  m_driftVInv    = 1. / m_driftV;
  m_propSpeedInv = 1. / cdcgp.getNominalPropSpeed();
  m_gcp = &(CDCGeoControlPar::getInstance());
  m_totalFudgeFactor  = m_cdcgp->getFudgeFactorForSigma(2);
  m_totalFudgeFactor *= m_addFudgeFactorForSigma;
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "totalFugeF in Digi= " << m_totalFudgeFactor);
 
  if (m_useDB4FEE) {
    m_fEElectronicsFromDB = new DBArray<CDCFEElectronics>;
    if ((*m_fEElectronicsFromDB).isValid()) {
      (*m_fEElectronicsFromDB).addCallback(this, &CDCDigitizerModule::setFEElectronics);
      setFEElectronics();
    } else {
      B2FATAL("CDCDigitizer:: CDCFEElectronics not valid !");
    }
  }
 
  if (m_useDB4RunGain) {
    m_runGainFromDB = new DBObjPtr<CDCDedxRunGain>;
    if ((*m_runGainFromDB).isValid()) {
      (*m_runGainFromDB).addCallback(this, &CDCDigitizerModule::setSemiTotalGain);
    } else {
      B2FATAL("CDCDedxRunGain invalid!");
    }
 
    m_gain0FromDB = new DBObjPtr<CDCDedxScaleFactor>;
    if ((*m_gain0FromDB).isValid()) {
      (*m_gain0FromDB).addCallback(this, &CDCDigitizerModule::setSemiTotalGain);
    } else {
      B2FATAL("CDCDedxScaleFactor invalid!");
    }
 
    m_wireGainFromDB = new DBObjPtr<CDCDedxWireGain>;
    if ((*m_wireGainFromDB).isValid()) {
      (*m_wireGainFromDB).addCallback(this, &CDCDigitizerModule::setSemiTotalGain);
      setSemiTotalGain();
    } else {
      B2FATAL("CDCDedxWireGain invalid!");
    }
  }
 
  if (m_addXTalk) {
    m_xTalkFromDB = new DBObjPtr<CDCCrossTalkLibrary>;
    if ((*m_xTalkFromDB).isValid()) {
    } else {
      B2FATAL("CDCCrossTalkLibrary invalid!");
    }
  }
 
  m_corrToThresholdFromDB = new DBObjPtr<CDCCorrToThresholds>;
  if ((*m_corrToThresholdFromDB).isValid()) {
  } else {
    B2FATAL("CDCCorrToThresholds invalid!");
  }
 
  if (m_alphaCorrection) {
    if (!m_alphaScaleFactorsFromDB.isValid()) {
      B2FATAL("CDCAlphaScaleFactorForAsymmetry invalid!");
    }
  }
 
  if (m_useDB4EDepToADC) {
    ushort firstLayerOffset = m_cdcgp->getOffsetOfFirstLayer();
    if (m_cdcgp->getEDepToADCMainFactor(firstLayerOffset, 0) == 0.) {
      B2FATAL("CDCEDepToADCConversion payloads are unavailable!");
    }
  }
 
  // Set timing sim. mode
  if (m_useDB4FEE) {
    if (m_synchronization) { // synchronization
      m_tSimMode = 0;
    } else {
      if (m_randomization) { // radomization
        m_tSimMode = 1;
      } else {
        m_tSimMode = 2; // old sim.
      }
    }
  } else {
    m_tSimMode = 3; // old sim. w/o relying on fee db
  }
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "timing sim. mode= " << m_tSimMode);
  if (m_tSimMode < 0 || m_tSimMode > 3) B2FATAL("invalid timing sim. mode= " << m_tSimMode);
}
 
void CDCDigitizerModule::event()
{
  // Get SimHit array, MCParticle array, and relation between the two.
  RelationArray mcParticlesToCDCSimHits(m_mcParticles, m_simHits);  //RelationArray created by CDC SensitiveDetector
 
 
  //--- Start Digitization --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Merge the hits in the same cell and save them into CDC signal map.
 
  // Define signal map
  map<WireID, SignalInfo> signalMap;
  map<WireID, SignalInfo>::iterator iterSignalMap;
  // Define adc map
  map<WireID, unsigned short> adcMap;
  map<WireID, unsigned short>::iterator iterADCMap;
 
  // signal map for trigger
  map<pair<WireID, unsigned>, SignalInfo> signalMapTrg;
  map<pair<WireID, unsigned>, SignalInfo>::iterator iterSignalMapTrg;
 
  // signal map for all MCParticles: Wire <-> MCArrayIndex
  map<WireID, std::set<int>> particleMap;
  map<WireID, std::set<int>>::iterator iterParticleMap;
 
 
  // Set time window per event
  if (m_tSimMode == 0 || m_tSimMode == 1) {
    int trigBin = 0;
    if (m_simClockState.isValid()) {
      trigBin = m_simClockState->getCDCTriggerBin(m_offsetForTriggerBin);
    } else {
      if (m_tSimMode == 0) {
        B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "SimClockState unavailable so switched the mode from synchro to random.");
        m_tSimMode = 1;
      }
      trigBin = gRandom->Integer(4);
    }
    if (trigBin < 0 || trigBin > 3) B2ERROR("Invalid trigger bin; must be an integer [0,3]!");
    unsigned short offs = 8 * trigBin + m_trgTimingOffsetInCount;
    B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "tSimMode,trigBin,offs= " << m_tSimMode << " " << trigBin << " " << offs);
 
    //TODO: simplify the following 7 lines and setFEElectronics()
    for (unsigned short bd = 1; bd < c_nBoards; ++bd) {
      const short tMaxInCount = 32 * (m_shiftOfTimeWindowIn32Count - m_trgDelayInCount[bd]) - offs;
      const short tMinInCount = tMaxInCount - 32 * m_widthOfTimeWindowInCount[bd];
      B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, bd << " " << tMinInCount << " " << tMaxInCount);
      m_uprEdgeOfTimeWindow[bd] = m_tdcBinWidth * tMaxInCount;
      m_lowEdgeOfTimeWindow[bd] = m_tdcBinWidth * tMinInCount;
    }
  }
 
  // Set trigger timing jitter for this event
  double trigTiming = m_trigTimeJitter == 0. ? 0. : m_trigTimeJitter * (gRandom->Uniform() - 0.5);
 
  // Loop over all hits
  int nHits = m_simHits.getEntries();
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "Number of CDCSimHits in the current event: " << nHits);
  for (int iHits = 0; iHits < nHits; ++iHits) {
    // Get a hit
    m_aCDCSimHit = m_simHits[iHits];
 
    // Hit geom. info
    m_wireID = m_aCDCSimHit->getWireID();
    if (m_wireID.getISuperLayer() < m_cdcgp->getOffsetOfFirstSuperLayer()) {
      B2FATAL("SimHit with wireID " << m_wireID << " is in CDC SuperLayer: " << m_wireID.getISuperLayer() << " which should not happen.");
    }
 
    m_posFlag    = m_aCDCSimHit->getLeftRightPassageRaw();
    m_boardID    = m_cdcgp->getBoardID(m_wireID);
    m_posWire    = m_aCDCSimHit->getPosWire();
    m_posTrack   = m_aCDCSimHit->getPosTrack();
    m_momentum   = m_aCDCSimHit->getMomentum();
    m_flightTime = m_aCDCSimHit->getFlightTime();
    m_globalTime = m_aCDCSimHit->getGlobalTime();
    m_driftLength = m_aCDCSimHit->getDriftLength() * Unit::cm;
 
    //include alignment effects
    //basically align flag should be always on since on/off is controlled by the input alignment.xml file itself.
    m_align = true;
 
    B2Vector3D bwpAlign = m_cdcgp->wireBackwardPosition(m_wireID, CDCGeometryPar::c_Aligned);
    B2Vector3D fwpAlign = m_cdcgp->wireForwardPosition(m_wireID, CDCGeometryPar::c_Aligned);
 
    B2Vector3D bwp = m_cdcgp->wireBackwardPosition(m_wireID);
    B2Vector3D fwp = m_cdcgp->wireForwardPosition(m_wireID);
 
    //skip correction for wire-position alignment if unnecessary
    if ((bwpAlign - bwp).Mag() == 0. && (fwpAlign - fwp).Mag() == 0.) m_align = false;
 
    if (m_align || m_correctForWireSag) {
 
      bwp = bwpAlign;
      fwp = fwpAlign;
 
      if (m_correctForWireSag) {
        double zpos = m_posWire.Z();
        double bckYSag = bwp.Y();
        double forYSag = fwp.Y();
 
        CDCGeometryPar::EWirePosition set = CDCGeometryPar::c_Aligned;
        const int layerID = m_wireID.getICLayer();
        const int  wireID = m_wireID.getIWire();
        m_cdcgp->getWireSagEffect(set, layerID, wireID, zpos, bckYSag, forYSag);
        bwp.SetY(bckYSag);
        fwp.SetY(forYSag);
      }
 
      const B2Vector3D L = 5. * m_momentum.Unit(); //(cm) tentative
      B2Vector3D posIn  = m_posTrack - L;
      B2Vector3D posOut = m_posTrack + L;
      B2Vector3D posTrack = m_posTrack;
      B2Vector3D posWire = m_posWire;
 
      m_driftLength = ClosestApproach(bwp, fwp, posIn, posOut, posTrack, posWire);
      m_posTrack = posTrack;
      m_posWire  = posWire;
 
      double deltaTime = 0.; //tentative (probably ok...)
      m_flightTime += deltaTime;
      m_globalTime += deltaTime;
      m_posFlag = m_cdcgp->getNewLeftRightRaw(m_posWire, m_posTrack, m_momentum);
    }
 
    // Calculate measurement time.
    // Smear drift length
    double hitDriftLength = m_driftLength;
    double dDdt = getdDdt(hitDriftLength);
    if (m_doSmearing) {
      hitDriftLength = smearDriftLength(hitDriftLength, dDdt);
    }
 
    //set flags
    bool addTof   = m_addTimeOfFlight4Bg;
    bool addDelay = m_addInWirePropagationDelay4Bg;
    if (m_aCDCSimHit->getBackgroundTag() == 0) {
      addTof   = m_addTimeOfFlight;
      addDelay = m_addInWirePropagationDelay;
    }
    double hitDriftTime = getDriftTime(hitDriftLength, addTof, addDelay);
 
    //add randamized event time for a beam bg. hit
    if (m_aCDCSimHit->getBackgroundTag() != 0) {
      hitDriftTime += m_globalTime - m_flightTime;
    }
 
    //add trigger timing jitter
    hitDriftTime += trigTiming;
 
    //apply time window cut
    double tMin = m_tMin;
    double tMax = m_tMaxOuter;
    if (m_wireID.getISuperLayer() == 0) tMax = m_tMaxInner;
    if (m_tSimMode <= 2) {
      tMin = m_lowEdgeOfTimeWindow[m_boardID];
      tMax = m_uprEdgeOfTimeWindow[m_boardID];
    }
    if (hitDriftTime < tMin || hitDriftTime > tMax) continue;
 
    //Sum ADC count
    const double stepLength  = m_aCDCSimHit->getStepLength() * Unit::cm;
    const double costh = m_momentum.Z() / m_momentum.Mag();
    double hitdE = m_aCDCSimHit->getEnergyDep();
    if (m_cdcgp->getMaterialDefinitionMode() != 2) {  // for non wire-by-wire mode
      static EDepInGas& edpg = EDepInGas::getInstance();
      hitdE = edpg.getEDepInGas(m_eDepInGasMode, m_aCDCSimHit->getPDGCode(), m_momentum.Mag(), stepLength, hitdE);
    }
 
    double convFactorForThreshold = 1;
    //TODO: modify the following function so that it can output timing signal in Volt in future
    unsigned short adcCount = 0;
    makeSignalsAfterShapers(m_wireID, hitdE, stepLength, costh, adcCount, convFactorForThreshold);
    const unsigned short adcTh = m_useDB4FEE ? m_adcThresh[m_boardID] : m_adcThreshold;
 
    if (adcCount < adcTh) adcCount = 0;
    iterADCMap = adcMap.find(m_wireID);
    if (iterADCMap == adcMap.end()) {
      adcMap.insert(make_pair(m_wireID, adcCount));
    } else {
      iterADCMap->second += adcCount;
    }
 
    //Apply energy threshold
    // If hitdE < dEThreshold, the hit is ignored
    double dEThreshold = 0.;
    if (m_useDB4FEE && m_useDB4EDepToADC) {
      dEThreshold = m_tdcThresh[m_boardID] / convFactorForThreshold * Unit::keV;
    } else {
      dEThreshold = (m_wireID.getISuperLayer() == 0) ? m_tdcThreshold4Inner : m_tdcThreshold4Outer;
      dEThreshold *= Unit::eV;
    }
    dEThreshold *= (*m_corrToThresholdFromDB)->getParam(m_wireID.getICLayer());
    B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "hitdE,dEThreshold,driftLength " << hitdE << " " << dEThreshold << " " << hitDriftLength);
 
    if (hitdE < dEThreshold) {
      B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "Below Ethreshold: " << hitdE << " " << dEThreshold);
      continue;
    }
 
    // add one hit per trigger time window to the trigger signal map
    unsigned short trigWindow = floor((hitDriftTime - tMin) * m_tdcBinWidthInv / 32);
    iterSignalMapTrg = signalMapTrg.find(make_pair(m_wireID, trigWindow));
    if (iterSignalMapTrg == signalMapTrg.end()) {
      signalMapTrg.insert(make_pair(make_pair(m_wireID, trigWindow),
                                    SignalInfo(iHits, hitDriftTime, adcCount)));
    } else {
      if (hitDriftTime < iterSignalMapTrg->second.m_driftTime) {
        iterSignalMapTrg->second.m_driftTime = hitDriftTime;
        iterSignalMapTrg->second.m_simHitIndex = iHits;
      }
      iterSignalMapTrg->second.m_charge += adcCount;
    }
 
    // Reject totally-dead wire; to be replaced by isDeadWire() in future
    // N.B. The following lines for badwire must be after the above lines for trigger because badwires are different between trigger and tracking.
    // Badwires for trigger are taken into account separately in the tsim module
    if (m_cdcgp->isBadWire(m_wireID)) {
      continue;
    }
    // Reject partly-dead wire as well
    double eff = 1.;
    if (m_cdcgp->isDeadWire(m_wireID, eff)) {
      if (eff < gRandom->Uniform()) continue;
    }
 
    // For TOT simulation, calculate drift length from In to the wire, and Out to the wire. The calculation is apprximate ignoring wire sag (this would be ok because TOT simulation is not required to be so accurate).
    const double a = bwpAlign.X();
    const double b = bwpAlign.Y();
    const double c = bwpAlign.Z();
    const B2Vector3D fmbAlign = fwpAlign - bwpAlign;
    const double lmn = 1. / fmbAlign.Mag();
    const double l = fmbAlign.X() * lmn;
    const double m = fmbAlign.Y() * lmn;
    const double n = fmbAlign.Z() * lmn;
 
    double dx = m_aCDCSimHit->getPosIn().X() - a;
    double dy = m_aCDCSimHit->getPosIn().Y() - b;
    double dz = m_aCDCSimHit->getPosIn().Z() - c;
    double sub = l * dx + m * dy + n * dz;
    const double driftLFromIn = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz - sub * sub);
 
    dx = m_aCDCSimHit->getPosOut().X() - a;
    dy = m_aCDCSimHit->getPosOut().Y() - b;
    dz = m_aCDCSimHit->getPosOut().Z() - c;
    sub = l * dx + m * dy + n * dz;
    const double driftLFromOut = sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz - sub * sub);
 
    const double maxDriftL = std::max(driftLFromIn, driftLFromOut);
    const double minDriftL = m_driftLength;
    B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "driftLFromIn= " << driftLFromIn << " driftLFromOut= " << driftLFromOut << " minDriftL= " << minDriftL <<
            " maxDriftL= "
            <<
            maxDriftL << "m_driftLength= " << m_driftLength);
 
    iterSignalMap = signalMap.find(m_wireID);
 
    if (m_matchAllMCParticles) {
      iterParticleMap = particleMap.find(m_wireID);
      RelationVector<MCParticle> rels = m_aCDCSimHit->getRelationsFrom<MCParticle>();
 
      int mcIndex = -1;
      if (rels.size() != 0) {
        if (rels.weight(0) > 0) {
          const MCParticle* mcparticle = rels[0];
          mcIndex = int(mcparticle->getIndex());
        }
      }
 
      if (mcIndex >= 0) {
        if (iterParticleMap == particleMap.end()) {
          std::set<int> vecmc = {mcIndex};
          particleMap.insert(make_pair(m_wireID, vecmc));
        } else {
          iterParticleMap->second.insert(mcIndex);
        }
      }
    }
 
    if (iterSignalMap == signalMap.end()) {
      // new entry
      signalMap.insert(make_pair(m_wireID, SignalInfo(iHits, hitDriftTime, adcCount, maxDriftL, minDriftL)));
      B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "Creating new Signal with encoded wire number: " << m_wireID);
    } else {
      // ... smallest drift time has to be checked, ...
      if (hitDriftTime < iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime) {
        iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime3 = iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime2;
        iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex3 = iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex2;
        iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime2 = iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime;
        iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex2 = iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex;
        iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime   = hitDriftTime;
        iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex = iHits;
        B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "hitDriftTime of current Signal: " << hitDriftTime << ",  hitDriftLength: " << hitDriftLength);
      } else if (hitDriftTime < iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime2) {
        iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime3 = iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime2;
        iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex3 = iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex2;
        iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime2   = hitDriftTime;
        iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex2 = iHits;
      } else if (hitDriftTime < iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime3) {
        iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime3   = hitDriftTime;
        iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex3 = iHits;
      }
      // ... total charge has to be updated.
      iterSignalMap->second.m_charge += adcCount;
 
      // set max and min driftLs
      if (iterSignalMap->second.m_maxDriftL < maxDriftL) iterSignalMap->second.m_maxDriftL = maxDriftL;
      if (iterSignalMap->second.m_minDriftL > minDriftL) iterSignalMap->second.m_minDriftL = minDriftL;
      B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "maxDriftL in struct= " << iterSignalMap->second.m_maxDriftL << "minDriftL in struct= " <<
              iterSignalMap->second.m_minDriftL);
    }
 
  } // end loop over SimHits.
 
  //--- Now Store the results into CDCHits and
  // create corresponding relations between SimHits and CDCHits.
 
  unsigned int iCDCHits = 0;
  RelationArray cdcSimHitsToCDCHits(m_simHits, m_cdcHits); //SimHit<->CDCHit
  RelationArray mcParticlesToCDCHits(m_mcParticles, m_cdcHits); //MCParticle<->CDCHit
 
  for (iterSignalMap = signalMap.begin(); iterSignalMap != signalMap.end(); ++iterSignalMap) {
 
    //add time-walk (here for simplicity)
    iterADCMap = adcMap.find(iterSignalMap->first);
    unsigned short adcCount = iterADCMap != adcMap.end() ? iterADCMap->second : 0;
 
    if (m_addTimeWalk) {
      B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "timewalk= " << m_cdcgp->getTimeWalk(iterSignalMap->first, adcCount));
      iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime += m_cdcgp->getTimeWalk(iterSignalMap->first, adcCount);
    }
 
    //remove negative drift time (TDC) upon request
    if (!m_outputNegativeDriftTime &&
        iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime < 0.) {
      continue;
    }
 
    //apply correction on alpha, to calibrate the charge asymmetry at hit-level
    if (m_alphaCorrection) {
      int iHits = iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex;
      m_aCDCSimHit = m_simHits[iHits];
      m_posWire  = m_aCDCSimHit->getPosWire();
      m_momentum = m_aCDCSimHit->getMomentum();
      int iLayer = m_aCDCSimHit->getWireID().getICLayer();
      double alpha = m_cdcgp->getAlpha(m_posWire, m_momentum);
 
      double Scale = m_alphaScaleFactorsFromDB->getScaleFactor(iLayer, alpha);
      double random = gRandom->Uniform();
      if ((Scale < 1) && (alpha > 0)) {
        if (random > Scale) continue ; // remove this hit
      }
      if ((Scale > 1) && (alpha < 0)) {
        if (random > 1. / Scale) continue ; // remove this hit
      }
    }
 
    //N.B. No bias (+ or -0.5 count) is introduced on average in digitization by the real TDC (info. from KEK electronics division). So round off (t0 - drifttime) below.
    unsigned short tdcCount = static_cast<unsigned short>((getPositiveT0(iterSignalMap->first) - iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime) *
                                                          m_tdcBinWidthInv + 0.5);
 
    //calculate tot; hard-coded currently
    double deltaDL = iterSignalMap->second.m_maxDriftL - iterSignalMap->second.m_minDriftL;
    if (deltaDL < 0.) {
      B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "negative deltaDL= " << deltaDL);
      deltaDL = 0.;
    }
    const unsigned short boardID = m_cdcgp->getBoardID(iterSignalMap->first);
    unsigned short tot = std::min(std::round(5.92749 * deltaDL + 2.59706), static_cast<double>(m_widthOfTimeWindowInCount[boardID]));
    if (m_adcThresh[boardID] > 0) {
      tot = std::min(static_cast<int>(tot), static_cast<int>(adcCount / m_adcThresh[boardID]));
    }
 
    CDCHit* firstHit = m_cdcHits.appendNew(tdcCount, adcCount, iterSignalMap->first, 0, tot);
    //set a relation: CDCSimHit -> CDCHit
    cdcSimHitsToCDCHits.add(iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex, iCDCHits);
 
    //set a relation: MCParticle -> CDCHit
    RelationVector<MCParticle> rels = m_simHits[iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex]->getRelationsFrom<MCParticle>();
    if (rels.size() != 0) {
      //assumption: only one MCParticle
      const MCParticle* mcparticle = rels[0];
      double weight = rels.weight(0);
      mcparticle->addRelationTo(firstHit, weight);
    }
 
    // Set relations to all particles that created a SimHit
    if (m_matchAllMCParticles) {
      iterParticleMap = particleMap.find(iterSignalMap->first);
      if (iterParticleMap != particleMap.end()) {
        std::set<int> vv = iterParticleMap->second;
        for (std::set<int>::iterator it = vv.begin(); it != vv.end(); ++it) {
          // set all relations
          int idx = *it;
          MCParticle* part = m_mcParticles[idx - 1];
          part->addRelationTo(firstHit, 1.0, m_OptionalAllMCParticlesToHitsName);
        }
      }
    }
 
    //set all relations to first hit if requested but dont create additional hits!
    // relation 1
    if (m_matchFirstMCParticles > 0) {
      if (iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex >= 0) {
        RelationVector<MCParticle> rels1 = m_simHits[iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex]->getRelationsFrom<MCParticle>();
        if (rels1.size() != 0) {
          //assumption: only one MCParticle
          const MCParticle* mcparticle = rels1[0];
          double weight = rels1.weight(0);
          mcparticle->addRelationTo(firstHit, weight, m_OptionalFirstMCParticlesToHitsName);
        }
      }
 
      // relation 2
      if (iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex2 >= 0) {
        RelationVector<MCParticle> rels2 = m_simHits[iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex2]->getRelationsFrom<MCParticle>();
        if (rels2.size() != 0) {
          //assumption: only one MCParticle
          const MCParticle* mcparticle = rels2[0];
          double weight = rels2.weight(0);
          mcparticle->addRelationTo(firstHit, weight, m_OptionalFirstMCParticlesToHitsName);
        }
      }
 
      // relation 3
      if (iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex3 >= 0) {
        RelationVector<MCParticle> rels3 = m_simHits[iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex3]->getRelationsFrom<MCParticle>();
        if (rels3.size() != 0) {
          //assumption: only one MCParticle
          const MCParticle* mcparticle = rels3[0];
          double weight = rels3.weight(0);
          mcparticle->addRelationTo(firstHit, weight, m_OptionalFirstMCParticlesToHitsName);
        }
      }
 
 
    }
 
    //Set 2nd-hit related things if it exists
    if (m_output2ndHit && iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex2 >= 0) {
      unsigned short tdcCount2 = static_cast<unsigned short>((getPositiveT0(iterSignalMap->first) - iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime2) *
                                                             m_tdcBinWidthInv + 0.5);
      if (tdcCount2 != tdcCount) {
        CDCHit* secondHit = m_cdcHits.appendNew(tdcCount2, adcCount, iterSignalMap->first, 0, tot);
        secondHit->set2ndHitFlag();
        secondHit->setOtherHitIndices(firstHit);
 
        //set a relation: CDCSimHit -> CDCHit
        ++iCDCHits;
        cdcSimHitsToCDCHits.add(iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex2, iCDCHits);
 
        //set a relation: MCParticle -> CDCHit
        rels = m_simHits[iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex2]->getRelationsFrom<MCParticle>();
        if (rels.size() != 0) {
          //assumption: only one MCParticle
          const MCParticle* mcparticle = rels[0];
          double weight = rels.weight(0);
          mcparticle->addRelationTo(secondHit, weight);
        }
      } else { //Check the 3rd hit when tdcCount = tdcCount2
        if (iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex3 >= 0) {
          unsigned short tdcCount3 = static_cast<unsigned short>((getPositiveT0(iterSignalMap->first) - iterSignalMap->second.m_driftTime3) *
                                                                 m_tdcBinWidthInv + 0.5);
          if (tdcCount3 != tdcCount) {
            CDCHit* secondHit = m_cdcHits.appendNew(tdcCount3, adcCount, iterSignalMap->first, 0, tot);
            secondHit->set2ndHitFlag();
            secondHit->setOtherHitIndices(firstHit);
 
            //set a relation: CDCSimHit -> CDCHit
            ++iCDCHits;
            cdcSimHitsToCDCHits.add(iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex3, iCDCHits);
 
            //set a relation: MCParticle -> CDCHit
            rels = m_simHits[iterSignalMap->second.m_simHitIndex3]->getRelationsFrom<MCParticle>();
            if (rels.size() != 0) {
              //assumption: only one MCParticle
              const MCParticle* mcparticle = rels[0];
              double weight = rels.weight(0);
              mcparticle->addRelationTo(secondHit, weight);
            }
          }
        }
      } //end of checking tdcCount 1=2 ?
    } //end of 2nd hit setting
 
    ++iCDCHits;
  }
 
  //Add crosstalk
  if (m_addXTalk) addXTalk();
 
  // Store the results with trigger time window in a separate array
  // with corresponding relations.
  for (iterSignalMapTrg = signalMapTrg.begin(); iterSignalMapTrg != signalMapTrg.end(); ++iterSignalMapTrg) {
    unsigned short adcCount = iterSignalMapTrg->second.m_charge;
    unsigned short tdcCount =
      static_cast<unsigned short>((getPositiveT0(iterSignalMapTrg->first.first) -
                                   iterSignalMapTrg->second.m_driftTime) * m_tdcBinWidthInv + 0.5);
    const CDCHit* cdcHit = m_cdcHits4Trg.appendNew(tdcCount, adcCount, iterSignalMapTrg->first.first);
 
    // relations
    m_simHits[iterSignalMapTrg->second.m_simHitIndex]->addRelationTo(cdcHit);
    RelationVector<MCParticle> rels = m_simHits[iterSignalMapTrg->second.m_simHitIndex]->getRelationsFrom<MCParticle>();
    if (rels.size() != 0) {
      //assumption: only one MCParticle
      const MCParticle* mcparticle = rels[0];
      double weight = rels.weight(0);
      mcparticle->addRelationTo(cdcHit, weight);
    }
  }
}
 
double CDCDigitizerModule::smearDriftLength(const double driftLength, const double dDdt)
{
  double mean = 0.;
  double resolution;
 
  if (m_useSimpleDigitization) {
    if (gRandom->Uniform() <= m_fraction) {
      mean = m_mean1;
      resolution = m_resolution1;
    } else {
      mean = m_mean2;
      resolution = m_resolution2;
    }
  } else {
    const unsigned short leftRight = m_posFlag;
    double alpha = m_cdcgp->getAlpha(m_posWire, m_momentum);
    double theta = m_cdcgp->getTheta(m_momentum);
    resolution = m_cdcgp->getSigma(driftLength, m_wireID.getICLayer(), leftRight, alpha, theta);
    resolution *= m_totalFudgeFactor;
  }
 
  //subtract resol. due to digitization, which'll be added later in the digitization
 
  double diff = resolution - dDdt * m_tdcResol;
  if (diff > 0.) {
    resolution = sqrt(diff * (resolution + dDdt * m_tdcResol));
  } else {
    resolution = 0.;
  }
 
  // Smear drift length
  double newDL = gRandom->Gaus(driftLength + mean, resolution);
  while (newDL <= 0.) newDL = gRandom->Gaus(driftLength + mean, resolution);
 
  return newDL;
}
 
 
double CDCDigitizerModule::getdDdt(const double driftL)
{
  //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Calculates the 1'st derivative: dD/dt, where D: drift length before smearing; t: drift time
  //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  double dDdt = m_driftV;
 
  if (!m_useSimpleDigitization) {
    const unsigned short layer = m_wireID.getICLayer();
    const unsigned short leftRight = m_posFlag;
    double alpha = m_cdcgp->getAlpha(m_posWire, m_momentum);
    double theta = m_cdcgp->getTheta(m_momentum);
    double t = m_cdcgp->getDriftTime(driftL, layer, leftRight, alpha, theta);
    dDdt = m_cdcgp->getDriftV(t, layer, leftRight, alpha, theta);
  }
 
  return dDdt;
}
 
 
double CDCDigitizerModule::getDriftTime(const double driftLength, const bool addTof, const bool addDelay)
{
  //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // Method returning electron drift time (parameters: position in cm)
  // T(drift) = TOF + T(true drift time) + T(propagation delay in wire) - T(event),
  // T(event) is a timing of event, which includes a time jitter due to
  // the trigger system.
  //---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  double driftT = 0.;
 
  if (m_useSimpleDigitization) {
    driftT = (driftLength / Unit::cm) * m_driftVInv;
  } else {
    const unsigned short layer = m_wireID.getICLayer();
    const unsigned short leftRight = m_posFlag;
    double alpha = m_cdcgp->getAlpha(m_posWire, m_momentum);
    double theta = m_cdcgp->getTheta(m_momentum);
    driftT = m_cdcgp->getDriftTime(driftLength, layer, leftRight, alpha, theta);
  }
 
  if (addTof) {
    driftT += m_flightTime; // in ns
  }
 
  if (addDelay) {
    //calculate signal propagation length in the wire
    CDCGeometryPar::EWirePosition set = m_align ? CDCGeometryPar::c_Aligned : CDCGeometryPar::c_Base;
    B2Vector3D backWirePos = m_cdcgp->wireBackwardPosition(m_wireID, set);
 
    double propLength = (m_posWire - backWirePos).Mag();
    //TODO: replace the following with cached reference
    if (m_gcp->getSenseWireZposMode() == 1) {
      const unsigned short layer = m_wireID.getICLayer();
      propLength += m_cdcgp->getBwdDeltaZ(layer);
    }
 
    if (m_useSimpleDigitization) {
      driftT += (propLength / Unit::cm) * m_propSpeedInv;
    } else {
      const unsigned short layer = m_wireID.getICLayer();
      driftT += (propLength / Unit::cm) * m_cdcgp->getPropSpeedInv(layer);
    }
  }
 
  return driftT;
}
 
 
void CDCDigitizerModule::makeSignalsAfterShapers(const WireID& wid, double dEinGeV, double dx, double costh,
                                                 unsigned short& adcCount, double& convFactorForThreshold)
{
  static double conv00  = (100.0 / 3.2); //keV -> coun (original from some test beam results)
  convFactorForThreshold = conv00;
  adcCount = 0;
  if (dEinGeV <= 0. || dx <= 0.) return;
 
  const unsigned short layer = wid.getICLayer();
  const unsigned short cell  = wid.getIWire();
  double dEInkeV = dEinGeV / Unit::keV;
 
  double conv = conv00;
  if (m_spaceChargeEffect) {
    if (m_useDB4EDepToADC) {
      conv = m_cdcgp->getEDepToADCConvFactor(layer, cell, dEInkeV, dx, costh);
      double conv0 = m_cdcgp->getEDepToADCMainFactor(layer, cell, costh);
      convFactorForThreshold = (conv0 + m_degOfSPEOnThreshold * (conv - conv0));
    }
  } else {
    if (m_useDB4EDepToADC) conv = m_cdcgp->getEDepToADCMainFactor(layer, cell, costh);
    convFactorForThreshold = conv;
  }
 
  if (convFactorForThreshold > 0.) {
    convFactorForThreshold *= getSemiTotalGain(layer, cell);
  } else {
    convFactorForThreshold = conv00;
  }
 
  if (m_gasGainSmearing) {
    const int nElectrons = std::round(dEInkeV / m_effWForGasGainSmearing);
    double relGain = 0;
    if (20 <= nElectrons) {
      relGain = std::max(0., gRandom->Gaus(1., sqrt(1. / (nElectrons * (1. + m_thetaOfPolya)))));
    } else if (1 <= nElectrons) {
      for (int i = 1; i <= nElectrons; ++i) {
        relGain += Polya();
      }
      relGain /= nElectrons;
    } else {
      relGain = 1;
    }
    conv *= relGain;
  }
 
  if (m_extraADCSmearing) {
    conv *= max(0., gRandom->Gaus(1., m_cdcgp->getEDepToADCSigma(layer, cell)));
  }
 
  conv *= getSemiTotalGain(layer, cell);
 
  //The ADCcount is obtained by rounding-up (measured voltage)/bin in real ADC. This is true both for pedestal and signal voltages, so the pedestal-subtracted ADCcount (simulated here) is rounded.
  adcCount = static_cast<unsigned short>(std::round(conv * dEInkeV));
  return;
}
 
 
double CDCDigitizerModule::Polya(double xmax)
{
  double x  = 0;
  double y  = 1;
  double fx = 0;
  double urndm[2];
  static double ymax = pow(m_thetaOfPolya, m_thetaOfPolya) * exp(-m_thetaOfPolya);
  while (y > fx) {
    gRandom->RndmArray(2, urndm);
    x = xmax * urndm[0];
    double a = (1 + m_thetaOfPolya) * x;
    fx = pow(a, m_thetaOfPolya) * exp(-a);
    y = ymax * urndm[1];
  }
  return x;
}
 
 
// Set FEE parameters (from DB)
void CDCDigitizerModule::setFEElectronics()
{
  const double& off   = m_tdcThresholdOffset;
  const double& gA    = m_analogGain;
  const double& gD    = m_digitalGain;
  const double& adcBW = m_adcBinWidth;
  const double convF  = gA / gD / adcBW;
  const double el1TrgLatency = m_cdcgp->getMeanT0(); // ns
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "L1TRGLatency= " << el1TrgLatency);
  const double c = 32. * m_tdcBinWidth;
 
  if (!m_fEElectronicsFromDB) B2FATAL("No FEEElectronics dbobject!");
  const CDCFEElectronics& fp = *((*m_fEElectronicsFromDB)[0]);
  int mode = (fp.getBoardID() == -1) ? 1 : 0;
  int iNBoards = static_cast<int>(c_nBoards);
 
  //set typical values for all channels first if mode=1
  if (mode == 1) {
    for (int bdi = 1; bdi < iNBoards; ++bdi) {
      m_uprEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] = el1TrgLatency - c * (fp.getTrgDelay() + 1);
      if (m_uprEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] < 0.) B2FATAL("CDCDigitizer: Upper edge of time window < 0!");
      m_lowEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] = m_uprEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] - c * (fp.getWidthOfTimeWindow() + 1);
      if (m_lowEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] > 0.) B2FATAL("CDCDigitizer: Lower edge of time window > 0!");
      m_adcThresh[bdi] = fp.getADCThresh();
      m_tdcThresh[bdi] = convF * (off - fp.getTDCThreshInMV());
      m_widthOfTimeWindowInCount[bdi] = fp.getWidthOfTimeWindow() + 1;
      m_trgDelayInCount  [bdi] = fp.getTrgDelay();
    }
  }
 
  //overwrite    values for specific channels if mode=1
  //set typical values for all channels if mode=0
  for (const auto& fpp : (*m_fEElectronicsFromDB)) {
    int bdi = fpp.getBoardID();
    if (mode == 0 && bdi ==  0) continue; //bdi=0 is dummy (not used)
    if (mode == 1 && bdi == -1) continue; //skip typical case
    if (bdi < 0 || bdi >= iNBoards) B2FATAL("CDCDigitizer:: Invalid no. of FEE board!");
    m_uprEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] = el1TrgLatency - c * (fpp.getTrgDelay() + 1);
    if (m_uprEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] < 0.) B2FATAL("CDCDigitizer: Upper edge of time window < 0!");
    m_lowEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] = m_uprEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] - c * (fpp.getWidthOfTimeWindow() + 1);
    if (m_lowEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] > 0.) B2FATAL("CDCDigitizer: Lower edge of time window > 0!");
    m_adcThresh[bdi] = fpp.getADCThresh();
    m_tdcThresh[bdi] = convF * (off - fpp.getTDCThreshInMV());
    m_widthOfTimeWindowInCount[bdi] = fpp.getWidthOfTimeWindow() + 1;
    m_trgDelayInCount  [bdi] = fpp.getTrgDelay();
  }
 
  //debug
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "mode= " << mode);
  for (int bdi = 1; bdi < iNBoards; ++bdi) {
    B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, bdi << " " << m_lowEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] << " " << m_uprEdgeOfTimeWindow[bdi] << " " << m_adcThresh[bdi] <<
            " " <<
            m_tdcThresh[bdi]);
  }
}
 
// Set Run-gain (from DB)
void CDCDigitizerModule::setSemiTotalGain()
{
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, " ");
 
  //read individual wire gains
  const int nLyrs = c_maxNSenseLayers;
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "nLyrs= " << nLyrs);
  int nGoodL[nLyrs] = {};
  float  wgL[nLyrs] = {};
  int nGoodSL[c_nSuperLayers] = {};
  float  wgSL[c_nSuperLayers] = {};
  int nGoodAll = 0;
  float  wgAll = 0;
  int iw = -1;
  for (int lyr = 0; lyr < nLyrs; ++lyr) {
    int nWs = m_cdcgp->nWiresInLayer(lyr);
    for (int w = 0; w < nWs; ++w) {
      ++iw;
      float wg = (*m_wireGainFromDB)->getWireGain(iw);
      m_semiTotalGain[lyr][w] = wg;
      if (wg > 0) {
        ++nGoodL[lyr];
        wgL[lyr] += wg;
        WireID wid(lyr, w);
        ++nGoodSL[wid.getISuperLayer()];
        wgSL[wid.getISuperLayer()] += wg;
        ++nGoodAll;
        wgAll += wg;
      }
    }
  }
 
  //calculate mean gain per layer
  for (int lyr = 0; lyr < nLyrs; ++lyr) {
    if (nGoodL[lyr] > 0) wgL[lyr] /= nGoodL[lyr];
    B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "lyr,ngood,gain= " << lyr << " " << nGoodL[lyr] << " " << wgL[lyr]);
  }
  //calculate mean gain per superlayer
  for (unsigned int sl = 0; sl < c_nSuperLayers; ++sl) {
    if (nGoodSL[sl] > 0) wgSL[sl] /= nGoodSL[sl];
    B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "slyr,ngood,gain= " << sl << " " << nGoodSL[sl] << " " << wgSL[sl]);
  }
 
 
  //calculate mean gain over all wires
  if (nGoodAll > 0) {
    wgAll /= nGoodAll;
  } else {
    B2FATAL("No good wires !");
  }
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "ngoodAll,gain= " << nGoodAll << " " << wgAll);
 
  //set gain also for bad/dead wires (bad/dead in terms of dE/dx pid)
  for (int lyr = 0; lyr < nLyrs; ++lyr) {
    int nWs = m_cdcgp->nWiresInLayer(lyr);
    for (int w = 0; w < nWs; ++w) {
      if (m_semiTotalGain[lyr][w] <= 0) {
        if (wgL[lyr] > 0) {
          m_semiTotalGain[lyr][w] = wgL[lyr];
        } else {
          WireID wid(lyr, w);
          m_semiTotalGain[lyr][w] = wgSL[wid.getISuperLayer()];
        }
      }
    }
  }
 
  //check if all gains > 0
  for (int lyr = 0; lyr < nLyrs; ++lyr) {
    int nWs = m_cdcgp->nWiresInLayer(lyr);
    for (int w = 0; w < nWs; ++w) {
      if (m_semiTotalGain[lyr][w] <= 0) {
        B2WARNING("Gain for lyr and wire " << lyr << " " << w << "not > 0. Strange! Replace it with " << wgAll << ".");
        m_semiTotalGain[lyr][w] = wgAll;
      }
    }
  }
 
//multiply common factor for all wires
  m_runGain = (*m_runGainFromDB)->getRunGain();
  double cgain = (*m_gain0FromDB)->getScaleFactor();
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "runGain, sf= " << m_runGain << " " << cgain);
  cgain *= m_runGain * m_overallGainFactor;
  for (int lyr = 0; lyr < nLyrs; ++lyr) {
    int nWs = m_cdcgp->nWiresInLayer(lyr);
    for (int w = 0; w < nWs; ++w) {
      m_semiTotalGain[lyr][w] *= cgain;
      B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel, "lyr,wire,gain= " << lyr << " " << w << " " << m_semiTotalGain[lyr][w]);
    }
  }
}
 
 
void CDCDigitizerModule::addXTalk()
{
  map<WireID, XTalkInfo> xTalkMap;
  map<WireID, XTalkInfo> xTalkMap1;
  map<WireID, XTalkInfo>::iterator iterXTalkMap1;
 
  // Loop over all cdc hits to create a xtalk map
  int OriginalNoOfHits = m_cdcHits.getEntries();
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel4XTalk, "\n \n" << "#CDCHits " << OriginalNoOfHits);
  for (const auto& aHit : m_cdcHits) {
    if (m_issue2ndHitWarning && aHit.is2ndHit()) {
      B2WARNING("2nd TDC hit found, but not ready for it!");
    }
    WireID wid(aHit.getID());
    short tdcCount = aHit.getTDCCount();
    short adcCount = aHit.getADCCount();
    short tot      = aHit.getTOT();
    short board    = m_cdcgp->getBoardID(wid);
    short channel  = m_cdcgp->getChannelID(wid);
    const vector<pair<short, asicChannel>> xTalks = (*m_xTalkFromDB)->getLibraryCrossTalk(channel, tdcCount, adcCount, tot);
 
    int nXTalks = xTalks.size();
    for (int i = 0; i < nXTalks; ++i) {
      const unsigned short tdcCount4XTalk = xTalks[i].second.TDC;
      if (i == 0) {
        B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel4XTalk, "\n" << "          signal: " << channel << " " << tdcCount << " " << adcCount << " " << tot);
      }
      B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel4XTalk, "xtalk: " << xTalks[i].first << " " << tdcCount4XTalk << " " << xTalks[i].second.ADC << " " <<
              xTalks[i].second.TOT);
      WireID widx = m_cdcgp->getWireID(board, xTalks[i].first);
      if (!m_cdcgp->isBadWire(widx)) { // for non-bad wire
        if (m_includeEarlyXTalks || (xTalks[i].second.TDC <= tdcCount)) {
          const double t0 = getPositiveT0(widx);
          const double ULOfTDC = (t0 - m_lowEdgeOfTimeWindow[board]) * m_tdcBinWidthInv;
          const double LLOfTDC = (t0 - m_uprEdgeOfTimeWindow[board]) * m_tdcBinWidthInv;
          if (LLOfTDC <= tdcCount4XTalk && tdcCount4XTalk <= ULOfTDC) {
            const unsigned short status = 0;
            xTalkMap.insert(make_pair(widx, XTalkInfo(tdcCount4XTalk, xTalks[i].second.ADC, xTalks[i].second.TOT, status)));
          }
        }
      }
    } //end of xtalk loop
  } //end of cdc hit loop
 
  //Loop over all xtalk hits to creat a new xtalk map with only the fastest hits kept (approx.)
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel4XTalk, "#xtalk  hits: " << xTalkMap.size());
  for (const auto& aHit : xTalkMap) {
    WireID wid = aHit.first;
 
    iterXTalkMap1 = xTalkMap1.find(wid);
    unsigned short tdcCount = aHit.second.m_tdc;
    unsigned short adcCount = aHit.second.m_adc;
    unsigned short tot      = aHit.second.m_tot;
    unsigned short status   = aHit.second.m_status;
 
    if (iterXTalkMap1 == xTalkMap1.end()) { // new entry
      xTalkMap1.insert(make_pair(wid, XTalkInfo(tdcCount, adcCount, tot, status)));
    } else { // not new; check if fastest
      if (tdcCount < iterXTalkMap1->second.m_tdc) {
        iterXTalkMap1->second.m_tdc = tdcCount;
        B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel4XTalk, "TDC-count of current xtalk: " << tdcCount);
      }
      iterXTalkMap1->second.m_adc += adcCount;
      iterXTalkMap1->second.m_tot += tot; // approx.
    }
  } // end of xtalk loop
 
  //add xtalk in the same way as the beam bg. overlay
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel4XTalk, "#xtalk1 hits: " << xTalkMap1.size());
  for (const auto& aX : xTalkMap1) {
    bool append = true;
    const unsigned short tdc4Bg = aX.second.m_tdc;
    const unsigned short adc4Bg = aX.second.m_adc;
    const unsigned short tot4Bg = aX.second.m_tot;
    const unsigned short status4Bg = aX.second.m_status;
 
    for (int iHit = 0; iHit < OriginalNoOfHits; ++iHit) {
      CDCHit& aH = *(m_cdcHits[iHit]);
      if (aH.getID() != aX.first.getEWire()) { //wire id unmatched
        continue;
      } else { //wire id matched
        append = false;
        const unsigned short tdc4Sg = aH.getTDCCount();
        const unsigned short adc4Sg = aH.getADCCount();
        const unsigned short tot4Sg = aH.getTOT();
 
        // If the BG hit is faster than the true hit, the TDC count is replaced, and
        // the relations are removed. ADC counts are summed up.
        if (tdc4Sg < tdc4Bg) {
          aH.setTDCCount(tdc4Bg);
          aH.setStatus(status4Bg);
          auto relSimHits = aH.getRelationsFrom<CDCSimHit>();
          for (int i = relSimHits.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            relSimHits.remove(i);
          }
          auto relMCParticles = aH.getRelationsFrom<MCParticle>();
          for (int i = relMCParticles.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            relMCParticles.remove(i);
          }
        }
 
        aH.setADCCount(adc4Sg + adc4Bg);
 
        //Set TOT for signal+background case. It is assumed that the start timing
        //of a pulse (input to ADC) is given by the TDC-count. This is an
        //approximation because analog (for ADC) and digital (for TDC) parts are
        //different in the front-end electronics.
        unsigned short s1 = tdc4Sg; //start time of 1st pulse
        unsigned short s2 = tdc4Bg; //start time of 2nd pulse
        unsigned short w1 = tot4Sg; //its width
        unsigned short w2 = tot4Bg; //its width
        if (tdc4Sg < tdc4Bg) {
          s1 = tdc4Bg;
          w1 = tot4Bg;
          s2 = tdc4Sg;
          w2 = tot4Sg;
        }
        w1 *= 32;
        w2 *= 32;
        const unsigned short e1 = s1 - w1; //end time of 1st pulse
        const unsigned short e2 = s2 - w2; //end time of 2nd pulse
 
        double pulseW = w1 + w2;
        if (e1 <= e2) {
          pulseW = w1;
        } else if (e1 <= s2) {
          pulseW = s1 - e2;
        }
 
        unsigned short board = m_cdcgp->getBoardID(aX.first);
        aH.setTOT(std::min(std::round(pulseW / 32.), static_cast<double>(m_widthOfTimeWindowInCount[board])));
        B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel4XTalk, "replaced tdc,adc,tot,wid,status= " << aH.getTDCCount() << " " << aH.getADCCount() << " " << aH.getTOT()
                <<
                " " << aH.getID() << " " << aH.getStatus());
        break;
      }
    } //end of cdc hit loop
 
    if (append) {
      m_cdcHits.appendNew(tdc4Bg, adc4Bg, aX.first, status4Bg, tot4Bg);
      B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel4XTalk, "appended tdc,adc,tot,wid,status= " << tdc4Bg << " " << adc4Bg << " " << tot4Bg << " " << aX.first <<
              " " <<
              status4Bg);
    }
  } //end of x-talk loop
  B2DEBUG(m_debugLevel4XTalk, "original #hits, #hits= " << OriginalNoOfHits << " " << m_cdcHits.getEntries());
}
 
 
double CDCDigitizerModule::getPositiveT0(const WireID& wid)
{
  double t0 = m_cdcgp->getT0(wid);
  if (t0 <= 0 && m_treatNegT0WiresAsGood) t0 = m_cdcgp->getMeanT0();
  return t0;
}